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8. Frequency of Congenital Heart Diseases in Neonatology Section of a Tertiary Care Hospital Peshawar

1. Rahida Karim 2. Matiullah 3. Faiz-ur-Rehman 4. Amjad Zaman, 5. Hamzullah Khan

1. Senior Registrar Paeds, PGMI/HMC Peshawar 2. Trainee Paeds, PGMI/LRH. Peshawar 3. Trainee Paeds,

PGMI/LRH, Peshawar 4. Assoc. Prof. of  Physiology, KGMC, Peshawar 5. Trainee Paeds, PGMI/LRH, Peshawar

ABSTRACT

Objectives:  To determine  the  frequency  of  common  congenital  heart  diseases (CHD)  in  children  presenting  to  Pediatrics  Department  of  Lady  Reading  Hospital, Peshawar.

Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the  Pediatrics  &  Neonatology  Department of  Lady  Reading  hospital Peshawar, from 14th July  2010  to  14th July  2011.

Materials and Methods: A total   of  481  patients,  using  3.1%  propotion  of  ASD   in  cases  with  CHD,  95%  Confidence  interval,  1.55%  margin  of  error,  under  WHO  software  formula  for  sample  size  determination. Children  from  0-18 years of age clinically  diagnosed  cases  with  their  echocardio-graphy which was  also  suggestive  of  CHD were included in this study. Postoperative  cases  of  CHD  as  they  require  different  kind of  management  plan and Confirmed  cases  of  CHD were excluded. 

Results:  Patients  with  acyanotic  CHD  were  416 (86.48%) and  with  cyanotic  CHD  were  65 (13.52%). Cases  of  ventricular septal defect(VSD)  were  190( 39.5%)  and  amongst  them  120 (63.16%)  were  males  and 70 (36.8%)  were  females. Cases  of atrial septal defect  (ASD)   were  146 (30.35%)  and  amongst  them  63(43.15%)  were   males and  83(56.84%)  were  female. Thus, there  was  a  female  preponderance of ASD patients  as compared  to  VSD. As  for  patent ductus arteriosus (PDA ) there  were  80 ( 16.63%)  cases  and  of transposition of great arteries (TGA)  were  30(6.23%). Whereas cases  of  tetrology of fallot (TOF)  were  35(7.27%)  .

Conclusion: Congenital  heart  defects (CHD)   are  among  the  most common  birth defects  and  are  the  leading  cause  of  birth defect-related  deaths. VSD  is  the  commonest  acyanotic  CHD  whereas   TOF  is  the  commonest  cyanotic  heart  disease.

Key Word: Congenital Heart Diseases, Echocardiography, VSD 

Citation of article: Karim R, Matiullah, Rehman F, Zaman A,  Khan H. Frequency of Congenital Heart Diseases in Neonatology Section of A Tertiary Care Hospital Peshawar. Med Forum 2015;26(3):33-36.