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54.The Frequency of Various Forms of Active Tuberculosis in Patients with Diabetes

Anila Basit1, Salma Zeb2, Muhammad Umar1, Muhammad Musa Khan1, Inayat Ullah4 and Zafar Mehmood3

ABSTRACT

Objective: To identify the Frequency of various active TB types in diabetic individuals.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, observational, and qualitative Study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Pulmonology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from January 2022 and January 2023.

Materials and Methods: Pulmonologists (OPD) made up one-third of diabetic patients who were healthy and met the inclusion criteria (cough with or without phlegm, hemoptysis, persistent fever, and unexplained weight loss). Ages between 10 and 85, immunomodulation in any form, and secondary diseases (diabetes) were excluded. After receiving a license, a complete medical history, a clinical examination, and TB screening tests were completed. All data were imported into SPSS version 24 for further analysis.

Results: 151 of the 550 interviewed patients were chosen for further TB testing. Only 19 individuals (13%) had active TB diseases. The average age was 52.03 years, the average number of years with diabetes was 10.04, and the sex distribution was 01.08:01.04. Except for one, who was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, everyone had type 2 diabetes. Among all TB cases, pulmonary TB accounted for 58%, extra pulmonary TB for 42%, and multidrug-resistant TB for 6%. Swab results were positive in 52.6% of patients, 21% with MDR-TB.

Conclusion: According to this study, people with diabetes are more likely to acquire pulmonary than extra pulmonary Tuberculosis and have a greater incidence of MDR-TB. If substantial action is not taken right away, this presents a significant risk to public health.

Key Words: drug resistance, diabetes, TB, extra pulmonary Tuberculosis, and variant tuberculosis.

Citation of article: Basit A, Zeb S, Umar M, Khan MU, Ullah I, Mehmood Z. The Frequency of Various Forms of Active Tuberculosis in Patients with Diabetes. Med Forum 2023;34(8):233-236. doi:10.60110/medforum.340854.