.jpg)
4. Frequency of Anemia in Delayed and Early Umbilical Cord Clamping after Birth in Newborn Babies
Asma Tariq1, Shahid Mehmood2, Muhammad Maqsood Zahid3 and Iqra Arshad1
ABSTRACT
Objective: To detect the frequency of anemia in delayed and early umbilical cord clamping after birth in newborn babies.
Study Design: Randomized controlled trial study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital Gujrat, Shifa Hospital Gujrat and Naseem Hospital Gujrat from January 2021 to. December 2022.
Materials and Methods: Pregnant women were randomly selected. Total 244 pregnant women were selected. All needed investigations were done after history and examination of each pregnant woman. Two groups A and B were made. One selected pregnant woman was enrolled in group A and second selected woman was enrolled in group B. In group A umbilical cord was cut after 90 seconds of birth of newborn and In group B umbilical cord was cut within 10 seconds of birth of newborn. Hemoglobin of the newborn was detected on 10th hour of umbilical cord clamping. Newborn blood hemoglobin <13g/dl was considered as anemic. Descriptive statistic like mean or proportion was calculated for age of pregnant women and gestational age of newborn (preterm or fill-term). An intention to treat analysis for anemia in newborn on 10th hour of umbilical cord clamping was performed.
Results: In group A 102(83.60%) and in group B 98(80.32%) pregnant women were 18-30 years of age, while pregnant women >30 years of age were 20(16.39%) in group A and 24(19.67%) in group B. In group A 54(44.26%) and in group B 52(42.62%) newborns were male, while female newborns were 68(55.73%) in group A and 70(57.37%) in group B. In group A 82(67.21%) and in group B 84(68.85%) were full-term newborns, while preterm newborns were 40(32.78%) in group A and 38(31.14%) in group B. Newborns in group A 44(36.06%) and in group B 42(34.42%) were having weight of 2-2.5kg, while newborns in group A 78(63.93%) and 80(65.57%) in group B were having weight of >2.5kg. In group A 02(1.63%) and in group B 18(14.75%) newborns were having anemia at 10th day of birth, while in group A 120(98.36%) and 104(85.24%) in group B were normal and not having anemia at 10th day of birth.
Conclusion: Delayed umbilical cord clamping may benefit both preterm and term newborns. In newborns, delayed umbilical cord clamping may increase hemoglobin levels at birth. It may decrease the need of blood transfusion in newborns. Because of increased red cell volume there may be increased chances of neonatal jaundice and sometimes phototherapy may be required.
Key Words: Umbilical cord clamping, Newborn babies, frequency of anemia