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  3. 34. Dexmedetomidine for Heart Arrhythmia Prevention in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Patients
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34. Dexmedetomidine for Heart Arrhythmia Prevention in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Patients

Sana Siddiq1, Syed Imran-ul-Hassan2, Zehra Hasnain2, Kanwal Awan2, Maria Ikram2 and

Javairia Saleem2

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of various types of cardiac arrhythmias between the two groups of CABG cardiac surgery treated peri operatively with dexmedetomidine with those treated with placebo in the department of cardiac surgery, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial study.  

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Anesthesia, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore from January 2020 to June 2020.

Materials and Methods: Patients of elective cardiac surgery were enrolled and divided into two groups. As per the inclusion criteria step in the research proposal all the patients undergoing off-pump CABG surgery of ASA class II and III, with age of 35 to 75 years having ejection fraction (EF) of >35% were enrolled. Patients in the trial group or DEX group was given 0.5 mcg/kg/h of dexmedetomidine during the induction process and later on an infusion was started at a dose of 0.5 mcg/kg/h till the completion of the surgery even till the shifting of the patient in the High risk units.The frequency of atrial fibrillation and other types of arrhythmias was documented and compared with the two groups using chi square test. Data was stratified for age and gender, post-stratified chi square test was applied to see the effect of these variables on the outcome variable. P<0.05 was taken significant.

Results: A total of 60 cases (30 in each group) fulfilling the selection criteria were enrolled to compare the incidence of various types of cardiac arrhythmias between the two groups of CABG cardiac surgery treated perioperatively with dexmedetomidine with those treated with placebo. Patients treated with DEX had an overall lower incidence of various types of arrhythmias. Most common arrhythmia was ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular contractions.

Conclusion: With the use of dexmedetomidine as a sedative and adjuvant of general anesthesia drugs, the incidence of various tachyarrhythmia is decreased during cardiac surgery and in the post-operative period; but the decrease in the incidence was not statistically significant for all types of arrhythmias.

Key Words: DEX, dexmedetomidine, tachyarrhythmia,atrial fibrillation, Anesthesia, Cardiac surgery

Citation of article: Siddiq S, Hassan SI, Hasnain Z, Awan K, Ikram M, Saleem J. Dexmedetomidine for Heart Arrhythmia Prevention in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Patients. Med Forum 2021;32(2):147-151.