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  3. 32. Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis among Pre-Term and Full-Term Neonates in Pakistan: Findings and Implications
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32. Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis among Pre-Term and Full-Term Neonates in Pakistan: Findings and Implications

Original Article

Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis among Pre-Term and Full-Term Neonates in Pakistan: Findings and Implications

Saleha Munir1, Sajida Zafar1, Sumera Malik2, Kazim Abbas Ali Khan2, Sahrish Mumtaz2  and Ali Abuzar Raza3

ABSTRACT

Objective: The study aims to analyze the early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) in pre-term and full-term newborns and the clinical outcomes of the antibiotics used for the treatment. 

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the pathology department, in Tertiary Care Hospital, Multan, Pakistan, from March 2023 to February 2024.

Methods: A total of 657 neonates were admitted to the nursery during a period of six months. Based on inclusion criteria, only 100 newborn babies either in-born or out-born, with symptoms of early onset sepsis were included in this study after consulting with child specialists, clinical pharmacists, and the head nurse. The included patients were either treated with cefotaxime plus amikacin or meropenem, plus amikacin. Primary clinical outcome parameters and risk factors were evaluated.

Results: Mean age study cases was 4.13±0.846 years and predominately female gender 63% was observed. Preterm newborns (63%) were affected by EOS greatly as compared to full-term newborns (37%). The occurrence of EOS was higher in low body weight patients (82%). Mothers who had per vaginal (PV) leaking (43%) and PV bleeding (83%) problems, their children were affected by EOS more. The C-reactive protein (CRP) test was positive in 79% of the patients. Results of antibiotics therapy show that 37% of patients recovered, 37% of patients were stable on therapy and 13% of neonatal deaths were reported. However, patients receiving meropenem showed better recovery.

Conclusion: The study found out low body weight, pre-term, PV leaking and PV bleeding as risk for EOS. CRP test and antibiotic therapy were effective but in order to reduce mortality rate and increase recovery rate, but meropenem is more effective, requiring careful prescribing.

Key Words: Onset neonatal sepsis, Neonates, Antibiotic therapy, Mortality.

Citation of article: Munir S, Zafar S, Malik S, Khan KAA, Mumtaz S, Raza AA. Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis among Pre-Term and Full-Term Neonates in Pakistan: Findings and Implications. Med Forum 2024;35(11):149-154. doi:10.60110/medforum.351132.