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29.Histopathological Spectrum of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Biopsies in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Farah Siraj, Noshaba Rahat, Humera Shahzad, Mohammad Anwar, Asma Jalbani and Zamrud Momin
ABSTRACT
Objective: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract disorders are common and can be difficult to diagnose based on clinical examination alone. Endoscopic examination and biopsy of the affected area is used for diagnosis of these disorders. The study aims to assess the histopathological spectrum of UGI tract disorders in a tertiary care center in Pakistan and investigate any possible correlations.
Study Design: Retrospective observational study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Histopathology at the Basic Medical Sciences Institute in Karachi, Pakistan from January 2017 to December 2021.
Materials and Methods: The biopsy specimens were processed and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and additional staining was performed as needed. Grading for gastric and duodenal biopsies was done according to the updated revised Sydney and modified Marsh classifications.
Results: This study includes 357 UGI biopsies and found that gastric biopsies were the most common, comprising 63% of all UGI endoscopic biopsies. Chronic gastritis, chronic nonspecific duodenitis, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are the most common diagnoses observed at their respective sites. Stomach cancer constitutes less than 1% of the total gastric biopsies.
Conclusion: Our data reveals discrepancies, with a higher frequency of esophageal carcinoma and a lower frequency of gastric carcinoma, compared to previous literature. These findings emphasize the necessity of establishing a national or state-level provincial registry to monitor regional histopathological data of patients undergoing UGI endoscopic biopsy for various UGI disorders in Pakistan.
Key Words: Upper gastrointestinal disorders; endoscopy; biopsy; histopathology; Pakistan.