27. Risk Factors Related to Pneumonia in Children Aged Less Than Five Years
Khawar Saeed Jillani, Abdul Rehman and Imran Qaisar
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the risk factors related with pneumonia in children aged less than 5 years.
Study Design: Case control study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Pediatric Unit 2, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur from February 2019 to September 2019.
Materials and Methods: All 300 cases of < 5 years of age, admitted to pediatrics unit 2 having being diagnosed as pneumonia along with 300 controls who were also < 5 years of age and admitted in ward due to non respiratory illnesses. Demographics along with relevant clinical data and risk factors were noted.
Results: Out of a total of 600 children (300 cases and 300 controls), majority were male 344 (57.3%). Low socioeconomic status, children of illiterate mothers, rural area of residence, respiratory tract infection in any of the family members, incomplete immunization status, low birth weight, undernutrition and smoking by family member were identified as significant (P<0.05) risk factors for pneumonia whereas all other study variables were insignificantly associated with pneumonia (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Low socioeconomic status, children of illiterate mothers, rural area of residence, respiratory tract infection in any of the family members, incomplete immunization status, low birth weight, undernutrition and smoking by family member were identified as significant risk factors for pneumonia in children aged less than 5 years.
Key Words: Acute Respiratory Infection, pneumonia, risk factors, undernutrition, smoking, case control study, low birth weight.
Citation of article: Jillani KS, Rehman A, Qaisar I. Risk Factors Related to Pneumonia in Children Aged Less Than Five Years. Med Forum 2020;31(1):103-106.