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  The Evolution of Periodontal                         Disease Classification

 Anas Abdul Khader

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study aims to trace the historical evolution of periodontal disease classification systems, analyse contemporary challenges and critiques, and explore future directions for refinement.

Methods: A narrative review was conducted, examining key milestones in the development of periodontal disease classification frameworks from the initial broad categorisations to the comprehensive, evidence-based systems introduced through international workshops in 1989, 1999, and 2017.

Results: Early classifications were based on clinical observations, while later systems incorporated pathological principles, disease etiology, and host response factors. The 1999 system provided a detailed framework accounting for gingival diseases, chronic/aggressive periodontitis, systemic disease associations, and other conditions. The 2017 workshop further refined the classification, introducing a staging and grading system for periodontitis. Contemporary challenges include the complexity of certain gingival conditions, debates surrounding specific categories, and the need for the integration of emerging technologies and research findings.

Conclusion: The evolution of periodontal disease classification reflects our advancing understanding of disease pathogenesis. Continued interdisciplinary efforts, incorporating genetic, microbiological, and host-response research, are crucial for refining the classification system to enable more precise disease stratification, personalised treatment strategies, and improved clinical outcomes.

Key Words: Evolution; Periodontal diseases; Classification

Citation of article: Khader AA. The Evolution of Periodontal Disease Classification. Med Forum 2024;35(10):110-115. doi:10.60110/medforum.351025.