18. Analyzing Genetic Influences on Facial Morphology Differences in Monozygotic Twins: A Retrospective Stereophotogrammetric Study
Sara mannan1, Gulmina Saeed Orakzai2, Waqar-Un-Nisa2, Misbah Ali3, Sobia Siddique2 and Nauman Bari Khan3
ABSTRACT
Objective: This retrospective study aimed to quantitatively assess soft tissue differences in facial morphology among monozygotic (MZ) twins using 3D stereophotogrammetry and surface-based analysis, aiming to provide insights into the interplay between genetic and environmental factors influencing facial development.
Study Design:
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Wateen Dental College, Rawalpindi from June 2022 to June 2023.
Methods: Twenty pairs of identical twins (8 males, 12 females) with an average age of 5 ± 1 year were included in the study. 3D stereophotogrammetry images were obtained and analyzed using the 3dMDface system. Soft tissue differences were quantified using surface-based analysis, dividing the face into anatomical thirds.
Results: The study demonstrated a high degree of agreement in measurements, with an intraclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.907 to 0.995. Soft tissue differences within MZ twin pairs were quantified, revealing mean deviations and RMS values across the total face and facial thirds. Significant differences were observed between the upper and lower facial thirds, indicating varied genetic and environmental influences.
Conclusion: The study highlights the complex interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental factors in shaping facial morphology. Surface-based analysis using 3D stereophotogrammetry provides detailed insights into facial resemblance within twin pairs, emphasizing the importance of personalized treatment plans tailored to individual needs. Further research is needed to elucidate the intricacies of facial development and diversity.
Key Words: Monozygotic twins, facial morphology, 3D stereophotogrammetry.