1. Abdul Hameed 2. Sajid Khan Sadozai 3. Fazal Rahim 4. Rooh Ullah 5. Riaz Aurakzai

1. Asstt. Prof. of Pharmacology, Khyber Girls Medical College Peshawar 2. Pharmaceutical Chemist, Dept. of

Pharmacology, Khyber Girls Medical College Peshawar 3. JCT Pathology, Dept. of Pharmacology, Khyber Girls

Medical College Peshawar 4. Assoc. Prof. of Pharmacy, Abasyn University Peshawar 5. JCT Pathology, Dept. of Pharmacology, Khyber Girls Medical College Peshawar

ABSTRACT

Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity and resistance of various bacterial strains both gram negative and gram positive against commonly used antibiotics.

Study Design: Experimental / Retrospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Hayatabad Medical Complex at Microbiology Laboratory for a period of six month studies from 6.8.2013 to 10.02.2014.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in which both in-door and out-door patients were randomly selected for this specified period of time. Bacterial strains used were Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Proteus Mirabilis against commonly prescribed antibiotics i.e; Ceftraixone, Amoxicillin, Amikacin and Cefepime and to find out the sensitivity and resistance pattern.

Results: Among the selected antibiotics Ceftraixone was found to be sensitive in 84.6% of out-door patients and 75 % of in-patient against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, 71.4% of out-door patients and 68.4% of in-patients against Escherichia Coli, 52% of out-door patients and 60% in-patient against Staphylococcus Aureus and least sensitive against Proteus Mirabilis 25% out-patients and 16.7% in-patients. Amoxicillin was 40%, 6.6% and 0% sensitive in in-patients and 16%, 17.1%, 0.7% and 0% in out-patients against Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Proteus Mirabilis respectively. Amikacin was 44%, 35%, 33.3% and 0% sensitive in in-patients and 36%, 37.2%, 32% and 0% in out-patients against Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Proteus Mirabilis respectively. Cefepime was most sensitive against Proteus Mirabilis 25% in out-door patients and 16.7% in in-door patients while least sensitive against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa both in out-door and in-door patients.

Conclusion: It is concluded from the results obtained that Ceftraixone, Amoxicillin and Amikacin were more than 60% sensitive against the selected strains of bacteria except Proteus Mirabilis while Cefepime is least sensitive i.e; less than 25% against all these antibacterial strains. These results should be considered in future prescribing of antibiotics against these bacterial strains to avoid resistance and to prescribe appropriate treatment for the patients.

Key Words: Antibiotic Sensitivity, Bacterial Strains, In-door Patients, out-door Patients