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14. Evaluation of Salivary Biomarkers for Early Detection of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Prospective Study
Uzma Zareef, Tauseef Ahmed, Rabail Khero, Arifa, Afshan Qamar and Iqra Ali
ABSTRACT
Objective: The basic aim of the study is to find the evaluation of salivary biomarkers for early detection of oral potentially malignant disorders.
Study Design: Prospective study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Oral Pathology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry in Karachi, Pakistan from March 2022 to March 2023.
Methods: The study involved a total sample size of 60 participants. Data collection was carried out through a structured protocol. Clinical examinations of the oral cavity, including assessment for OPMDs, were conducted by qualified dental professionals. Salivary samples were collected using non-invasive methods and stored appropriately for subsequent analysis.
Results: In this prospective study a total of 60 participants were enrolled. The study population exhibited a diverse demographic profile, with an age range of 18 to 65 years. Among the participants, 45% were male, and 55% were female. Clinical presentations varied, with leukoplakia accounting for 30%, erythroplakia for 15%, and other oral lesions constituting 55% of the cases. Leukoplakia was linked to elevated levels of MMP9 (p < 0.05), erythroplakia showed elevated levels of Cyclin D1 (p < 0.01), and other oral lesions were associated with increased EGFR levels (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: It is concluded that salivary biomarkers MMP9, Cyclin D1, and EGFR hold significant promise for the early detection and risk assessment of OPMDs.
Key Words: Salivary Biomarkers, Early Detection, Oral Potentially, Malignant Disorders