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13. Relationship of Vitamin D Levels with Simultaneous Occurrence of Periodontal and Cardiac Diseases
Romana Mehwish, Amna Riaz, Shahid Hameed, Hammad Raziq, Bakhtawar Asghar and Tooba Abid
ABSTRACT
Objective: To observe relationship of vitamin D levels with the severity of periodontal disease and also with the occurrence of cardiac diseases.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Physiology department of Bakhtawar Amin Medical & Dental College, Multan from April, 2022 to March 2023.
Materials and Methods: Total 150 subjects were enrolled in the study, of which half were suffering from cardiac and periodontal diseases and one third were only affected by periodontitis. Twenty five subjects were normal. Vitamin D and calcium levels were recorded from the blood samples. Mean and standard deviation were calculated between the groups with 2 sample t- test using SPSS v.23.0. The significance of difference was taken at p≤0.05.
Results: Vitamin D levels were 24.98±4.53ng/ml and 41.95±1.42ng/ml in patients with high and low intensity of periodontal disease, rspectively (p=0.22). Calcium levels were 8.43±0.14nmol/L and 8.69±0.28nmol/L in patients with high and low intensity of periodontal disease, rspectively (p=0.437). Among the male cardiac patients, vitamin D levels were 20.96±2.39ng/ml and 41.67±4.78ng/ml in high and low severity of periodontal disease cases (p=0.002), whereas calcium levels were 8.03±0.30nmol/L and 8.95±0.77nmol/L in high and low severity of periodontal disease cases (p=0.075). Among the female cardiac patients, vitamin D levels were 17.5±4.93ng/ml and 21.55±18.12ng/ml (p=0.83), while calcium levels were 8.4±0.33nmol/L and 8.57±0.24nmol/L in high and low severity of periodontal disease cases, respectively (p=0.677).
Conclusion: Low level of vitamin D has the relationship with the severity of periodontal disease and also with the occurrence of cardiac diseases.
Key Words: Calcium, Cardiac disease, Periodontal disease, Severity, Vitamin D.