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  3. 1. Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Isolates Detected from Wound Infections
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1. Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Isolates Detected from Wound Infections

Mashael W. Alruways

ABSTRACT

Objective: To characterize the carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative (CPGN) bacteria, carbapenemase genes and to report the antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Study Design: Cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia from November 2021 to November 2022.

Materials and Methods: A total of 109CPGN were identified from wounds by API 20E and 20NE. CPGN isolates were screened phenotypically by modified carbapenem inactivation (mCIM), and gene variants were amplifiable using multiplex PCR. AMR was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method

Results: CPGN isolates were higher (67.7%) in male wound infections but did not appear to be significantly associated (p = 0.52). CPGN strains were significantly associated (p = 0.04) with cases admitted to surgery. The most common CPGN bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (38.7%) and E. coli (25.8%). The carbapenemase gene variants predominantly include 24 (77%) blaOXA-23, 17 (54%) blaNDM-1, 14 (45%) blaVIM, 9 (29%) blaOXA-24, 9 (29%) blaNDM-5, 5 (16%) blaNDM-7, and 3 (9%) blaIMP gene variants. In all cases, the CPGN strains were resistant to carbapenems. Most isolates were resistant to co-amoxiclav, co-trimoxazole, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones

Conclusion: It is concerning that a greater number of CPGN isolates are exhibiting high antibiotic resistance and harboring carbapenemase gene variants, which leaves us with few therapeutic options.

Key Words: Wound infections, Gram-negative bacteria, carbapenemase genes, antibiotic resistance

Citation of article: Alruways MW. Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Isolates Detected from Wound Infections. Med Forum 2023;34(1):2-7.