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1. Identify Different Challenges Throughout Child Development with Orofacial Clefts

M Bilal Abid1, Nazish Afzal2, Wajeeha Zia3,M Afzal Shiekh4, Farrukh Mahmood4  and Munawar Ghous1

ABSTRACT

Objective: To Identify Different Challenges throughout Child Development with Orofacial Clefts.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric surgery/Plastic surgery, Arif Memorial Teaching Hospital, Ferozepur Road Lahore from 15th April to 15th July, 2023.

Methods: A sample of 239 Children with OFC age 1-15 years was collected through purposive sampling technique. Sample of study was divided into two age groups including group A: 1-5 years and Group B: >5-15 years. PEEP (Portage Early Educational Plan) Guide was administered in Group A to determine developmental Delay in 5 domains of development (Cognition, Self Help, Socialization, Motor and Speech). CBA (Curriculum Based Assessment) and IQ (Slossen Intelligence Tests ) applied in Group B to determine academic and learning & memory deficits.BRS (Behavior Rating Scale) was applied to determine behavioral issues in both groups. Demographic Questionnaire including Age, Gender, Family Size, Consanguineous, Education, income etc. was also administered.

Results: In Group A children with OFC 20-30% were found delayed in all domains of development (Cognition, Self Help, Socialization and Receptive Language). 97 % were delayed in expressive and receptive speech, 22.5 % shows delay in cognition and 33.5 % shows delay in socialization. Self help and motor component were relatively least affected with 11% and 8.9 % respectively. Behavior Issues were also noted in 31 %. In Group B Children with OFC 22.91 shows below average IQlevel and 68.75 % shows above Average IQ level.68.7% shows Academic and learning issues in both reading and writing component of different subjects according to CBA.

Conclusion: This study concludes that Children with OFC have developmental delay in all domains of development including cognition, socialization, self help, motor and not only in speech. Similarly Children with OFC also shows Difficulty in learning abilities

Key Words: OFC, Development Domains, Developmental Delay, Academic Learning, Social and Behavioral Issues

Citation of article: Abid MB, Afzal N, Zia W, Shiekh MA, Mahmood F, Ghous M. Identify Different Challenges throughout Child Development with Orofacial Clefts Med. Forum 2023;34(10):3-8. doi:10.60110/medforum.341001.