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  3. 9. Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Critically ill Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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9. Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Critically ill Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Farjam Ahmed Zakai1, Mashal Khan1, Mehmood Shaikh2, Muhammad Hanif2, Muhammad Ashfaq1 and Syed Habib Ahmed3

ABSTRACT

Objective: To find the incidence and risk factors of AKI among the critically ill neonates in a public sector tertiary care hospital in Karachi.

Study Design: prospective study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the public sector Hospital National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan from January, 2022 to April, 2022.

Materials and Methods: 300 neonates admitted to NICU were carefully monitored for morbidities that can lead to AKI. 95% confidence interval was calculated, considering a p-value ≤0.05 as significant.

Results: Out of 300 neonates, 80 (26.66%) developed AKI. 59% were full term. Mean age with and without AKI at presentation was 7+3.83 and 4±1.99 days which was statistically significant (p=0.001). The BW ranged from 1200 to 3300 grams with a mean ±SD of 2120 ± 420 grams. The most common risk factors were sepsis (67.5%), nephrotoxic drugs (55%), and mechanical ventilation (51.3 %) followed by perinatal asphyxia (47.5%). The mortality rate was higher in patients with mechanical ventilation (P< 0.001), sepsis (P=0.008), nephrotoxic agent use (P=0.008) and birth asphyxia (p=0.001).

Conclusion: This study suggested that early recognition and better management of risk factors like sepsis, tetanus, nephrotoxic drugs, mechanical ventilation and birth asphyxia can improve the outcomes.

Key Words: Risk Factors, Acute Kidney Injury, Neonates, Intensive Care Unit

Citation of article: Zakai FA, Khan M, Shaikh M, Hanif M, Ashfaq M, Ahmed SH. Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Critically ill Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Med Forum 2022;33(6): 38-41.