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  3. 5.Evaluation of Staging of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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5.Evaluation of Staging of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Raja Muhammad Daniyal1, Jehan Alam1, Tariq Mahmood2, Ambreen Mahboob1, Sumaira Babar2 and Ghulam Shabbir3

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the potential impact of TNM classification in determination of staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma and consequent treatment.

Study Design: Retrospective study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Radiology departments of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi from January 2018 to June 2021.

Materials and Methods: A total of 343 patients of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity were included. Main variables of study were stage of OSCC based on TNM7 classification which was performed on CT scan imaging of the head and neck with contrast, and site of carcinoma. Data stratification was done by using SPSS version 24. Frequency percentages and mean standard deviations were calculated.

Results: The most common tumor category was T2 and T4a, 37.0% and 33.8%, respectively. Most common node category was N0 and N1, 53.3% and 42.0%, respectively. Mostly distant metastasis was not evaluated Mx, 78.7%. Buccal mucosa and tongue were the most common cancer sites being 46.7% and 44.0%, respectively. Majority of the patients had stage 3 and stage 4a cancers, 36.2% and 30.8% respectively.

Conclusion: This study is a reflection of current practices in JPMC. It reflects the use of TNM7 staging which has now been updated by TNM8 edition. Lack of local staging using MRI with contrast leads to incorrect staging as far as invasion of essential structures are concerned which are better demonstrated on MRI due to higher soft tissue contrast resolution. Lack of HPV testing in or pharyngeal cancers which are required in TNM8 edition and variable practices which do not necessarily work up patients for distant staging as reflected in this study.

Key Words: Cancer stage, oral squamous cell carcinoma, TNM classification

Citation of article: Daniyal RM, Alam J, Mahmood T, Mahboob A, Babar S, Shabbir G. Evaluation of Staging of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Forum 2022;33(11):18-21.