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  3. 22. Evaluation of Dietary and Biochemical Risk Factors Involved in the Pathogenesis of Bladder Stones in Children of Below Ten Years Age at Hyderabad Sindh
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22. Evaluation of Dietary and Biochemical Risk Factors Involved in the Pathogenesis of Bladder Stones in Children of Below Ten Years Age at Hyderabad Sindh

1. Mubeena Laghari 2. Fatehuddin Khand 3. Naseem Aslam Channa 4. Haji khan Khoharo

1. Asstt. Prof. of Biochemistry, Isra University, Karachi 2. Prof. of Biochemistry, Isra University, Karachi 3. Asstt.

Prof. of Biochemistry, University of Sindh 4. Asstt. Prof. of Medicine/Physiology, Isra University Hyderabad

ABSTRACT

Background: Bladder stones in children of below ten years age continue as a major pediatric health problem in Hyderabad-Sindh.

Objective: To investigate dietary and metabolic risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of bladder stones in children of below ten years age. Study Design: Case control study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Biochemistry and Surgery Departments, Isra University, Hyderabad from January 2011 to December 2011.

Materials and Methods:  Thirty four children with bladder stones admitted for treatment in the pediatric surgery unit, Liaquat Medical College Hospital Jamshoro during 6 months and 30 normal controls were examined. Information regarding diet and dietary habits of the subjects were obtained through standard questionnaire developed for that purpose. Biochemical aspect of bladder stone disease was studied by measuring creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, chloride and bicarbonate levels in serum samples of bladder stone patients and control subjects.

Results: The results of present study show that although, average intake of water and milk by patients and control subjects were comparable, majority (73.5%) of the bladder stone patients admitted to drink water when they felt thirsty, contrary to control subjects who used to take water at regular intervals.

The mean tea intake by bladder stone patients was significantly (P<0.05) greater than that of the control subjects. Same was true for the intake of green leafy and seedy vegetables (P<0.05).

From the blood parameters measured in bladder stone patients and control subjects, the levels for potassium, magnesium and phosphate were found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in bladder stone patients compared to control subjects, whereas reverse was true for creatinine, chloride and bicarbonate levels.

Conclusion: Children with bladder stones were noted to have serum creatinine levels significantly lower than the control subjects. Their dietary and fluid intake habits were also found to be quite different from that of the control subjects. These observations suggest that malnutrition and poor dietary habits are the major risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of childhood vesicallithiasis at Hyderabad-Sindh.

Key Words: Vesicallithiasis, Bladder stones, Dietary risk factors, Metabolic risk factors