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15. Prevalence of Hypertensive Retinopathy in Patients with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Nasrullah Khan1, Raza Farrukh2 and Muhammad Zubair3

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate  prevalence  of  hypertensive  retinopathy  in  patients  with  pregnanacy induced hypertension and association between retinal changes and severity of PIH

Study Design: Cross sectional study

Place  and  Duration  of  Study:  This study was conducted at the Mola Baksh  Hospital, Sargodha which  is  a  maternity  wing  of  DHQ Teaching  Hospital  Sargodha from  July  2017  to  December  2017.

Materials  and  Methods:  After  taking  the  informed  consent  from  the  patients  their  blood  pressure  were  recorded,  urine  examination  reports  were  taken  to  document  protein uria.  Name,  age,  date  of  admission  and  gravidity  were  recorded  on  a  proforma.  Tropicamide  1%  eye  drops  were  instilled  into  the  patient’s  eyes  to  dilate  the  pupils.  Once  dilated  direct  ophthalmoscopy  was  done  to  visualize  the  fundus and    the  signs  of  hypertensive  retinopathy. All findings were noted on a data sheet.

Results: 100 pregnant women with diagnosed pregnancy induced hypertension were  included  in  the  study.  36  were primigravida  while  64  were  multigravida.  Out  of  100  patients  88  (88.00%)  were  diagnosed  with  preeclampsia  while  12  (12.00%)  with  eclampsia.  Amongst  pre-eclampsia  patients  58(65.91%)  had  signs  of  hypertensive  retinopathy  on  fundoscopic  examination  while  amongst  eclampsia  patients  5(41.67%)  had  these  signs  present.  In  total  63(63.00%)  patients  out  of  100  had  signs  of  hypertensive  retinopathy  while  in  37(37.00%)  patients  these  were  absent.  .

Conclusion: Signs  of  hypertensive  retinopathy  are  commonly  found  in  pregnancy induced hypertensive  patients  and  are  important  indicator  of  severity  of  disease.  

Key  Words: Pre-eclampsia,  eclampsia, Prenancy induced hypertension,  hypertensive  retinopathy

Citation of articles: Khan N, Farrukh R, Zubair M. Prevalence of Hypertensive Retinopathy in Patients with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension. Med Forum 2018;29(2):60-62.